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Arte da Lingoa de Iapam : ウィキペディア英語版 | Arte da Lingoa de Iapam
(''Arte da Língua do Japão'' in modern Portuguese) is an early 17th-century Portuguese grammar of the Japanese language. It was compiled by João Rodrigues, a Portuguese missionary of the Society of Jesus. It is the oldest complete Japanese grammar, and is a valuable reference for late Late Middle Japanese.〔Nihon Koten Bungaku Daijiten Henshū Iinkai (1986:1417-1418)〕 ==Background==
Christian missionary work in Japan began in the 1540s. In an attempt to better communicate, the foreign missionaries attempted to learn Japanese. They created dictionaries and grammars. Early grammars seem to have been written in the 1580s, but are no longer extant.〔 ''Arte da Lingoa de Iapam'' is the oldest extant complete Japanese grammar. Rodrigues published it in Nagasaki over a period of five years between 1604 and 1608. There are only two known copies: one at the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford and the other in the Crawford family collection.〔〔Doi (1955)〕 In 1620, after being transferred to Macau, Rodrigues compiled a shorter, simplified version of the grammar entitled .〔
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